RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)

RFID, or Radio Frequency Identification, is a technology that falls under the RTLS (Real-Time Location System) category. It allows data to be stored and retrieved remotely using markers called “tags” or “RFID tags.” Unlike traditional barcodes, RFID does not require direct optical alignment to be read: the information is transmitted via radio waves.

An RFID system consists of two main components:

1. The tag: equipped with a chip and an antenna, it is attached to the object to be identified (pallet, garment, badge, vehicle).
2. The reader: It emits radio waves to activate nearby tags and collect the information they contain.

There are generally two types of tags:

• Passive RFID: battery-free, it uses energy from the reader to operate (short to medium range). This is the most common type used for inventory management.
• Active RFID: powered by a battery, it transmits a signal over long distances (used for tracking containers or vehicles).